Guidelines
Guidelines
Some Excellent Revision Resources & Guidelines are linked here…
Below are links to various guidelines freely available on the internet. This is by no means complete and links may become broken/outdated from time to time. This is mainly for use as a resource for easy access to those revising or for a quick update between clinic patients!
Endocrine Society Guidelines
All can be downloaded here if you sign up (free).
Diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome
Treatment of Cushing’s syndrome
Phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Updated 2018)
Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy & post partum
Treatment of gender dysphoric/incongruent patients
Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (2013)
Evaluation and Treatment of Hirsutism in pre-menopausal women (2018)
Testosterone therapy in Men with Hypogonadism (2018)
Treatment of menopause symptoms (2015)
Evaluation and management of adult Hypoglycaemic Disorders (2009)
Treatment of Diabetes in Older Adults (2019)
Evaluation and treatment of Hypertriglyceridaemia (2012)
Endocrine and Nutritional Management of Post-bariatric surgery Patient (2010)
Adult growth hormone deficiency
ESE guidelines on hyponatraemia
Society for Endocrinology Emergency Guidance
British Thyroid Association
NICE Guidelines
JBDS Inpatient Management Guidelines
Referral Criteria For Islet Transplantation
As you may know, the UK is very fortunate to have the world’s first government-funded islet transplant service dedicated to patients with type 1 diabetes and recurrent severe hypoglycaemia. Here is a summary of who to refer and how to refer.
Since the year 2000, 54 islet transplants have been performed on 34 patients in the UK; and of these, 34 transplants have been performed over the past three years. An audit of islet transplant recipients from our seven UK centres (April 2008 – April 2011) showed that 96% of all transplants were functioning at one month, and this has been maintained long-term in the vast majority (>18 months follow-up so far). Severe hypoglycaemia was reduced by >95%; HbA1c was reduced from 66 mmol/mol (8.2%) to 51 mmol/mol (6.8%) and overall insulin requirement was halved. In addition, significant numbers of patients are becoming insulin-independent. Therefore, it is clear that for the majority of patients, the UK clinical islet transplant programme has attained its goals of preventing recurrent severe hypoglycaemia, improving glycaemic control and maintaining satisfactory graft function.
Referral criteria
The following patients with type 1 diabetes might be suitable: Those with:
- Two or more episodes of severe hypoglycaemia (requiring other people to help) within last 2 years
- Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia
- Severe hypoglycaemia/impaired awareness who have a functioning kidney transplant
- Ideally we like patients to have had a prior trial of insulin pump therapy, and we can arrange this if necessary. However, we are happy to assess any patient who is unsuitable, or has strong views against a trial of pump therapy.
The following patients are probably not suitable:
Those who:
- require >0.7 units/kg/day of insulin (~50 units/day for a 70 kg patient)
weigh more than 85 kg
have poor kidney function (in general this means a GFR <60 ml/min) - These criteria are somewhat flexible; we always assess the overall risks and benefits for individual patients. If you are unsure whether your patient might be suitable then please contact the clinical lead at one of the UK Islet
- Transplant Consortium centres (below). We will be very pleased to discuss any potential patient.
Where to refer
There are six islet cell transplant centres in England and one in Scotland:
Bristol:
Dr Richard Smith, Richard Bright Renal Unit, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road , Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, BS10 5NB. Richard.Smith@bristol.ac.uk Tel: 0117 3235434
Edinburgh:
Mr John Casey, Transplant unit, Royal infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA. jcasey@staffmail.ed.ac.uk. Tel: 0131 242 1714
London:
Dr Yee Cheah, Department of Diabetes, Kings College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, Greater London SE5 9RS. y.cheah@nhs.net. Tel: 020 7848 5651.
Dr Miranda Rosenthal, Diabetes Department, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG. miranda.rosenthal@nhs.net . Tel: 020707794 0500 x 33325
Manchester:
Dr Martin Rutter, Manchester Diabetes Centre, 193 Hathersage Road, Manchester, M13 0JE. martin.rutter@cmft.nhs.uk. Tel: 0161 276 6709
Newcastle:
Prof James Shaw, Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN. Jim.Shaw@newcastle.ac.uk. Tel: 0191 222 7019 / 8129
Oxford:
Prof Paul Johnson, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Level 6, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU. paul.johnson@nds.ox.ac.uk . Tel: 01865 221291
We would be very pleased to receive referrals from you, or to discuss potential referrals with you.
With best wishes,
Richard Smith, John Casey, Miranda Rosenthal, Pratick Choudhary, Martin Rutter, Jim Shaw and Paul Johnson
On behalf of the UK Islet Transplant Consortium
Royal College of Physicians Sample SCE Questions
https://www.mrcpuk.org/mrcpuk-examinations/specialty-certificate-examinations/specialties/endocrinology-and-diabetes-0
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